What is Globalization?
Before discussing the Positive effects and Negative effects of globalization, it’s essential to own a powerful understanding of what this Globalization term means.
The official definition of “globalization” is that companies or other organizations develop international influence or begin to work internationally.
More simply, globalization refers to the open flow of data, technology, and goods between countries and consumers. This openness is formed by a spread of relationships, from business, geopolitics, and technology to travel, culture, and media.
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Positive effects of globalization
Globalization has opened up wider communication lines and brought more companies as well as various worldwide organizations to India. It provides opportunities not only for working men but also women, who are becoming a large part of the workforce. With new jobs for women, there are opportunities for higher pay, which increases confidence and brings independence. This, in turn, may promote equality between the sexes, something that Indian women have struggled with throughout their lives.
Globalization for women
Globalization has the power to overthrow traditional ideas towards women so that they can adopt a uniform stance in society. The Self-Employed Women’s Union (SEWA) in India is a union of women laborers who are ready to work hard and seize any work opportunity they get. Globalization has aided their opportunities in various ways.
SEWA has established a women’s cooperative bank with 125,000 members, and with the help of globalization, they have also reached out to women in rural areas of India. Markets in various regions are now accessible by Indian women who have a share in the business, or craft-making women who have a license to export their goods. With the standard of living by generating more income.
Technology that may seem outdated to the United States is seen as modern technology for India. With the help of satellites and computers, SEWA is able to reach more women to share self-help knowledge. Even the telephone is an advancement in her business venture for many women when a service woman took a four-dollar loan to buy a telephone, increasing her income because she could reach more people.
One of the SEWA women, Mauna Dave has made tremendous progress and is sharing her knowledge of the global world and economy with other Indian women to establish a better life for themselves. Dave credited her skills to the service because she had the opportunity to speak and listen to other women in this organization.
It is the director of Kutchcraft, the recipient of the UNIFEM Social Responsibility Award, a consortium of 110 artisan groups with more than 6,000 employees. He helped organize craftsmen into a strong group which has gained bargaining power to compete in the international market.
Dave said that some of the toughest challenges are going on at a rapid pace in the global economy and in India itself. Globalization has helped her and other Indian women to share ideas and networks in international markets.
Various non-profit organizations have been brought to India from all over the world. These organizations have provided women with the necessary skills to move forward, such as literacy and vocational skills. One organization, IndiaCorps, has come up with several programs to help women.
A program in Ahmedabad, India has taught poor women how to create various crafts to generate income. With this program, women are able to earn their personal money and enable children to go to school instead of working to earn more money. Women also acquire vocational skills that inform them about career opportunities.
Media can be seen as a positive aspect of globalization. The media has an opportunity to reach people and spread the message to people all over the world. The magazine named Femina is the top women’s magazine for Indian women. It was built in 1959 and since displaying its website in 1979, it has received a lot of response from Indians around the world. Femina showcases the achievements of Indian women from all sides and inspires women who read it.
Benefits of Globalization?
- Access to New Cultures
- The Spread of Technology and Innovation
- Lower Costs for Products
- Higher Standards of Living Across the Globe
- Access to New Markets
- Access to New Talent
Negative effects of globalization
Globalization has had a negative impact on Indian women. Their plight is similar to that of women in other developing regions such as Africa and Asia. Globalization has made many international companies rich by billions. However, many are unaware that women are suffering huge losses due to the expansion of corporate empires in these developing countries.
According to World Development Index estimates, “women work two-thirds of the world’s working hours, producing half of the world’s food, but earning only ten percent of world income and less than one percent of the world’s (Tomlinson).” Indian environmental feminist and scholar Vandana Siva Accordingly, globalization has created slave wages in collaboration with organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
Women are getting paid properly
Despite bringing employment in emerging areas, these jobs are wolves in sheep’s clothing. Work available to women is almost always low paid, mentally and physically unhealthy, abusive, or unsafe. Women are doubly prone to injuries. When women enter the workforce in developing countries, their domestic responsibilities do not diminish.
Women do two full-time jobs. In one factory, they are paid nothing, in another the house where nothing is given to them (Mogadam). Marilyn A., editor of the book Social Stresses of Globalization in India.
Are women more productive than men?
According to Taber and Sushma Batra, development for poor women means moving men to cities, higher prices for goods, poorer job opportunities. “A mixture of corporate capitalism and the Western culture model is seen as dissolving family and societal social controls, with a high rate of domestic violence, rape, divorce, and family breakdown.” An example of exploiting the labor of women is the Noida Export Processing Zone, 24 km from New Delhi. These “zones” prefer to hire women because they are “more polite and more productive than men.”
In short, they are easier to control and less likely to retaliate than ideal working conditions, as well as the fact that thousands of women face 12 hours a day. The area is dangerous, hot, and clean. A regular search of the body unnecessarily.
There is no maternity benefit and the minimum wage never applies. Women who are pregnant or married are immediately expelled. Overtime is not mandatory for women who are paid at a lower rate than men.
In order not to be excluded, women tend to resort to unsafe abortions performed by unqualified “doctors”. In this area, “acute cases of respiratory problems, pelvic inflammatory disease and dehydration and anemia are common.” (Rajalakshmi)
Disadvantages OF Globalization
- Causes Environmental Damage
- Causes Fluctuation of Prices
- Job Insecurity
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